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Terme informatique

Hashing

A one-way function that transforms a data into a fixed size print.

Cybersecurity
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Simple definition

The hash produces a print to verify that a file or password has not been changed, without having to keep its value in plain language.

Technical definition

A cryptographic hash function must withstand collisions and the reconstruction of the entrance. For passwords, it must be combined with a salt and a deliberately expensive algorithm.

What is it used for ?

Check integrity, store passwords and digitally sign data.

Practical example

The site compares the hash of the password entered to the hash saved rather than storing the readable password.

Common issues

  • Use of MD5 or SHA-1 for safety
  • No salt
  • Confusion between hash and encryption
  • Comparison of fingerprints obtained with different methods

Encryption · SSL/TLS certificate · MFA · Phishing · Backup

Key takeaway: This entry explains the general operation of the term. Exact settings may vary depending on software, vendors and environments.

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